July Employment: Not Good Enough

Morris Segall      business retrenchment, Capital Markets, Economic Growth, economic recovery, employment report, GDP, job creation, recession, unemployment

July’s employment report was hailed with a sigh of relief. Total new job creation was over 100,000 with private sector job creation in excess of 150,000. This was the highest level of private sector job creation since 241,000 jobs were created in April. In addition, May and June employment was revised upward by a total of 56,000 jobs. Revised job creation for the two months amounted to 99,000 rather than the 43,000 previously reported. These numbers were interpreted to allay fears the economy was about to recede into recession.

While the July employment gain and previous months revisions were encouraging, in our opinion, the gains were not much more than statistical and change little in our view of the weak current employment environment.  In virtually all of the key measures of the job market, the July data continued the picture of a diminishing and discouraged work force, working stagnant hours and suffering from diminished employment.

According to the Household Survey, the civilian labor force contracted by almost 200,000 in the month of July and is 400,000 persons lower than year earlier levels. The employment/population ratio has fallen to 58.1% from 58.4% in July, 2010 and is at a 28 year low. The number of people not in the labor force has risen to 86.4 million, an increase of 374,000 from June and 2.1 million higher than year earlier levels. The unemployment rate for July was 9.1%, virtually unchanged from the May-June levels and only fractionally lower than the 9.5% of July, 2010. In addition, 2.5 million people could find only part time work in July, an increase of 116,000 from June and over 200,000 higher than year earlier levels. The average workweek continued to be an anemic 34.3 hours, virtually unchanged for a year.  The average duration of unemployment in July rose to 40.4 weeks, up from 33.0 weeks in July, 2010. The total number of unemployed plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force and those working part time involuntarily, remained over 16%, virtually unchanged since April of this year and only fractionally lower than the 16.5% of July 2010.

On a more positive note, the important Professional and Business Services segment continued to show important progress with further gains in Computer systems design, Management and technical consulting services and Administrative jobs while temp jobs actually declined from May levels.

In summary, private sector job growth accelerated in July from weak levels of May and June. The job creation in the private sector continued to be offset by large job losses in the government sector, averaging 39,000 over the last three months. In fact, even with the increased job growth in July, net employment growth over the last three months averaged 111,000, down from an average of nearly 180,000 over the first four months of this year. This just isn’t good enough to foster increased economic growth or business expansion. While we do not believe we are currently in recession, an absence of improvement in recent economic data, including employment, will in our opinion, lead to further business retrenchment. This business retrenchment will be intensified by the recent downgrade of the U.S. sovereign debt rating and the resulting deterioration in worldwide capital markets. This has raised the possibility of a recession later this year and next.

Morris R. Segall

In addition

Second Quarter backsliding

Morris Segall      consumer sentiment, consumer spending, Economic Growth, employment report, GDP, industrial production, inflation, retail sales, unemployment

Last week saw a number of important economic reports for the month of June, including wholesale and retail inflation, consumer sentiment from the University of Michigan/Reuters survey. There were no surprises to us in these reports. We expected inflation to recede from the elevated levels of the first five months of this year as energy prices declined in the month of June. We also expected consumer sentiment numbers to decline reflecting the weak stock market in May and most of June and the very weak employment situation in both months (See our blog article of July 8 on June unemployment).  For us however, the two economic reports of most importance were retail sales and industrial production. If there were going to be signs of improvement from the very weak data reported in May, it would be seen in these two reports.

Unfortunately, while retail sales, excluding grocery store and gasoline station sales, increased .3% in June from depressed May levels, June retail sales were essentially flat with the level of April and lower than the peak level of sales in March. So it would appear consumer discretionary spending is down at the end of the second quarter from the peak levels at the end of the first.

We were anxious to see the Fed’s June report on industrial production and capacity utilization to see again if our expectations of a June rebound in industrial activity would be fulfilled. Here too we were disappointed with the results. Similar to the retail sales report, June industrial production did improve from weak May data but only by a slim .2% and all of the increase came in mining and primarily from utilities. The latter benefitting from increased usuage of power for cooling in the extended and massive heat waves last month. Given the continuation of hot weather in July, utility consumption is expected to be high again this month. More importantly, industrial production in manufacturing showed no increase in June from May and prior months industrial production in April and May were revised downward to negative readings. Indeed the revised numbers indicate overall industrial production in the second quarter showed no improvement from the first quarter. In addition, total industry capacity utilization declined in June from March levels. Manufacturing capacity utilization is also down in June from March levels and has not increased above the 74.4% level since April. As a point of comparison, this level of capacity utilization is well below the 79% long term average utilization rate of 1972-2010 .

Concurrent with the weak employment numbers already reported and the increase in the trade deficit reported for May, the weak retail sales and manufacturing data for June point to GDP growth in the second quarter lower than the 2% growth recorded in the first quarter. We raised concerns about this in our July 8th blog article. It now appears second quarter GDP growth will be in the 1.5%-2% range. Furthermore, we are increasingly pessimistic about a catlyst in the private sector that would rejuvenate the economy in the second half. Given the pessimism amongst consumers, and the retrenchment we have seen in the business sector, we are hard pressed to see what will “jump start” this economy in the absence of another Federal stimulus program which is not expected.

Morris R. Segall

Economic Update

Morris Segall      April job growth, consumer credit, consumer spending, corporate profits, Economic Growth, future trends, GDP, inflation, manufacturing orders and shipments, non-manufacturing orders and production, personal income, unemployment

There has been a large amount of important economic data and news over the past week that is shaping the outlook for the U.S. economy as we proceed through the second quarter.

First, preliminary GDP growth for the first quarter was reported in line with our expectations (See our blog article of April 24, “First Quarter GDP will be a Slowdown”) of just below 2% higlighted by reduced consumer spending, reduced business capital investment, negative net exports and a surprising cutback in Federal government spending in defense. Our expectations of a beginning reorder cycle in inventory accumulation is also apparent in the report. We expect the second and third revisions to the GDP report will be upward based on stronger consumer spending numbers in the Personal Income and Spending report for March and strong capital goods orders for February and March.

Consumer income and spending data released after the preliminary GDP report reveals significantly stronger growth in both in the first quarter, particularly in February and March, aggregating a total increase of 1.5% for the two months. Spending was widespread among durable and nondurable goods and services over the two month period. Savings helped fuel the spending as the savings rate dropped to 5.5% from nearly 6% in January.

Orders, shipments and backlogs of manufactured goods increased at accelerated rates in February and March with orders and shipments in March growing at an outsized rate of growth approximating 3%. Order and shipments strength continued the recovery pattern of growth in both durable and nondurable industries. Manufacturing backlogs, on a non seasonally adjusted basis, are up over 13% year over year in March.

Purchasing managers indices for manufacturing and non-manufacturing receded in April from record levels in February causing concern about an economic slowdown but examination of the subsets of the indices reveal continued strong levels from respondents regarding orders, shipments, backlogs and employment. However, respondents in both surveys noted a continuation of price increases from suppliers.

Employment growth continued in April by a stronger than expected 244,000 jobs with private sector hiring accelerating to 268,000 from upwardly revised levels of 261,000 and 231,000 in January and February, respectively. However, the unemployment rate increased to 9% in the Household survey due to a calculation of fewer jobs created versus the Business establishment survey. The increase in job creation was broad and included manufacturing, retail trade, professional and business services, healthcare and leisure and hospitality sectors. Within professional and business services, the recent improvement in management and technical consulting services and computer systems services continued and provided much of this important sector’s monthly growth. This confirms anecdotal evidence we have been gleaning for much of the February-March period. Unfortunately, the labor force participation rate has not improved from a mediocre 64.2% and the number of people working part time for economic reasons and marginally attached to the labor force increased further. In addition, wages have not increased during the first quarter and have increased less than 2%, year over year, in April, less than the rate of inflation.

Consumer credit expanded again in March for the third consecutive month in both revolving and nonrevolving credit. Most of the increase in consumer credit continues to be led by nonrevolving credit such as auto and student loans. The small increase in revolving credit in March does not bring it back to fourth quarter 2010 levels.

Finally, commodity prices declined substantially led by a collapse in silver prices. We had felt commodity prices were building a bubble similar to the price action in the summer of 2008 and we expected a similar result when they broke down in the fall of that year.

Our conclusions from all of this data is that the first quarter ended on a stronger note than expected given the rapid rise in inflation during the quarter. Demand from consumers and businesses were remarkably resilient. With the recent decline in commodity prices, even temporarily, some pressure on consumer incomes and business profitability will be relieved. This augurs well for consumer and business spending in the second and third quarters and fortifies our optimism for heightened GDP growth for these periods. Another very positive development in the first quarter was the stronger than expected level of corporate profits reported for the period. Our optimism must be tempered by adverse events overseas, the current debate regarding the federal budget, which will impact the level of federal spending going forward, and the expiration of the Fed’s QE2 program which has supported low interest rates and ample liquidity for the economy and the stock market. We will be publishing our power point, comprehensive economic update and outlook on our website shortly.

Morris R. Segall

S & P Joins the U.S. Budget Debate

Morris Segall      austerity programs, bailout, business confidence, business landscape, Capital Markets, consumer sentiment, consumer spending, Economic Growth, economic recovery, federal deficits, future trends, GDP, national debt, politics, recession, tight credit

This morning, Standard and Poor’s downgraded the U.S. credit rating outlook from stable to negative. The rating agency cited the high level of public debt as a percentage of GDP and the uncertainty that adequate actions to significantly reduce the U.S. debt level and maintain it at manageable levels would be undertaken in the forseeable future. The negative outlook and the reasoning behind it portend a “one in three likelihood of a lower long-term credit rating on the U.S. within two years” according to the text of the S & P release. Standard and Poor’s states the leverage on the U.S. balance sheet and accumulating annual deficits are higher than other countries with sovereign debt ratings of AAA.

We are not surprised by the S & P action. Indeed, in our website article of September 8, 2008, “Stocks, Recession and the Bail Out” we cautioned that the massive federal bailout of the housing and banking industries would add billions to annual deficits and the national debt. We further stated “The cumulative effect of ballooning annual federal deficits, the secular pressure on the federal budget from increasing entitlement spending and the continuing balance of trade deficit may lead to a downgrade in the U.S. government credit rating and a further aversion to U.S. dollar denominated assets longer term”. The extended decline in the U.S. dollar versus other currencies has reached historical proportions in the first four months of this year, even against the financially questionable euro. 

While we are not surprised by the S & P action, we are surprised at the timing of the ratings outlook. Why now in the heat of the budget debate between Congress and the President? Why didn’t Standard and Poor’s wait until mid May after some decision on the federal budget and increase in the debt limit would have been forthcoming? It is our opinion that by releasing this downgraded credit outlook now, it would have a significant impact on the budget deliberations and possibly tilt the argument in favor of more draconian spending cuts as advocated by the Republicans in Congress. It is not unreasonable to believe that outside credit analysts, rating agencies and economists have come to the conclusion that the U.S. must adopt an austerity spending program similar to those adopted by the European Union as a solution to its excessive debt burden. By using a time frame of three years (similar to that employed in the European austerity programs) to measure progress, S & P makes the same mistake such a short time period has created on the countries in Europe. It is simply too short a period of time to deleverage sovereign balance sheets without stifling critically needed economic growth to provide the means to paydown debt (See out website articles of December 17, 2010 and March 15, 2011).

Today’s ratings outlook release by Standard & Poor’s misses important differences between the U.S. economic situation and those of Ireland, Greece, Portugal and Spain. The U.S. economy is in recovery led by manufacturing, exports and more recently consumer spending. Employment gains have accelerated since last November. While the recent surge in inflation has slowed U.S. economic growth coming out of the first quarter of this year, the recovery trend is not aborted. It will be if the Federal government is forced to make drastic spending cuts which will reverse its role as an economic stimulant to an economic depressant at this sensitive point in the U.S. economic recovery. We argued in our economic articles on Europe and once again, that longer periods of time are required to deleverage these balance sheets. A longer period of time will allow the national economy to grow at a rate to raise tax receipts and pay down debt. We have long been advocates for greater fiscal discipline by the U.S. government that includes large spending cuts and higher taxes. However, a nation in recession cannot reduce its debt to GDP ratio.

By releasing its downgraded U.S. ratings outlook today, Standard and Poor’s has entered the political debate and abandoned its role as a neutral and impartial arbiter of credit conditions. Furthermore, the surprising timing of this release has caused capital markets here and around the world to decline significantly, further eroding asset values and wealth and business and consumer confidence already battered by overseas events in Japan, the Middle East and Europe. Declining capital markets and consumer and business confidence will lead to tighter credit conditions at a time when credit was just beginning to “loosen up”. This in turn will lead to investment and spending retrenchment, threatening the nascent economic recovery here in the U.S. The worries of a deteriorating U.S. financial condition in 2012 and beyond could be self fulfilling as a result of what we believe is an ill timed alarm. We will have to see in the coming days if the S & P action is transitory or longer lasting in its impact. 

Morris R. Segall

Charge!

Morris Segall      consumer credit, consumer sentiment, consumer spending, consumer spending sea change, credit card debt, Economic Growth, future trends, GDP

This past Monday afternoon, February 7th, the Federal Reserve released its report on consumer credit for the month of December, 2010.  Since peaking in the third quarter of 2008 consumer debt has steadily declined over the past two years by over $150 billion. Most of that reduction has been in revolving debt, largely credit card debt. This has reflected a combination of consumer debt repayment and the write-off of consumer loans in default by lending institutions and credit card issuers. After a further decline in November of last year, consumer revolving debt increased by nearly $2 billion on a seasonally adjusted basis or a 3.5% annual rate in December. This was the first increase since August of 2008 and most of that increase came in consumer credit card debt. Non seasonally adjusted data is more impressive, showing a better than $9 billion increase in revolving credit led by credit card gains at commercial banks. This change in credit card debt balances could be a signal the consumer de-leveraging is about over and consumer evaluations about their finances are sufficiently improved to allow them to begin increasing credit card purchases. If the December increase is not an aberration and continues in 2011, it will signify a dramatic change in the consumer spending dynamic.

 Up until last year’s fourth quarter, consumer spending had been anemic due to high unemployment and lagging consumer income growth, in addition to the de-leveraging of consumer balance sheets. That changed in the fourth quarter as consumer spending surged to pre-recession levels. The Federal Reserve data would indicate expansion of consumer spending in December was supported by the use of credit cards. This would explain the large increase in consumer spending (.7%) in the month of December, well above the .4% increase in consumer income growth in that month. If the December data portends a return to credit card financing by consumers, the prospect of continued high levels of consumer spending in 2011 is heightened. The willingness of consumers to increase credit card debt will counteract the suppressing forces of moderate consumer income growth and a continued high level of unemployment. This will promote a greater consumer spending contribution to the economy than one would have expected and augments the outlook for improved GDP growth this year, importantly led by the consumer.

 It remains to be seen if the December data is the beginning of a trend and we will be looking at future data to confirm or deny this important development. However, a note of caution. If consumers abandon the financial discipline of the past two years and return to spending in excess of income growth, a consumer spending renaissance will be short lived and a financially weak consumer sector will re-emerge, constricting long term economic growth.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Second Qtr. GDP, Ben Bernanke and Intel

Morris Segall      2009 economy, corporate earnings, deflation, Economic Growth, economic outlook, GDP

On Friday the Commerce Department released its first revision of second quarter GDP, Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke delivered the opening speech at the Fed’s annual summer retreat and Intel announced a downward revision to its third quarter earnings outlook. All of these items were important news stories and all served to cement our previous comments on our blog and website that the economic recovery in the U.S. has stalled and is in danger of aborting.

The downward revision to second quarter GDP was expected after the June trade deficit widened to almost $50 billion led by a surge in imports and a surprising decline in U.S. exports. Economist estimates dropped into the 1%-1.5% range. The actual number reported on Friday was 1.6% and the equity markets breathed a sigh of relief and rallied that the number wasn’t worse. It shouldn’t have. Details behind the headline number reveal economic growth from the last vestiges of federal stimulus that we believe will not be repeated in future quarters. So we view the revised GDP report as dangerous to the outlook for the economy going forward. Personal consumption is not improving and government and business spending in the quarter have been augmented by factors we do not believe will continue.

Ben Bernanke announced on Friday the Fed would not allow the economy to fall into a deflation cycle similar to the Japanese experience in the 1990′s. However, his speech was devoid of new details about how that would be accomplished. Nonetheless, the stock market was reassured and rallied strongly if incorrectly.

Lastly, Intel reported a downgraded outlook for revenues in the current third quarter. Of all the news on Friday we believe this was the most important because it is a warning to us of the vulnerability of the current recovery cycle in corporate earnings. A faltering in corporate earnings would remove the primary support to the stock market and a major prop to the U.S. economy.

Please see our detailed article on these items and a more thorough analysis of the economy in a new Economic Presentation we are publishing on our website, www.spgtrend.com.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Happy Days Are Here Again: But How Happy and for How Long?

Morris Segall      business landscape, consumers, economics, GDP, government, March monthly unemployment report, trends, unemployment

The March monthly unemployment report was the latest in a series of positive economic reports that confirms an expansion in the economic recovery. Since late February, we have observed a perceptible pick-up in consumer spending since the end of the severe winter weather. We have noticed an increase in traffic in restaurants and malls and have heard firsthand of increased travel by consumers. This empirical data has been confirmed by reports from major retailers and cruise ship lines over the past two weeks of increased revenues in the month of March.  The spring thaw has unleashed pent up spending which we have expected would spur a real economic recovery when the unemployment situation improved. While we believe new job losses have peaked, we have stated in previous comments that the chronic level of long term unemployment and the suppressed level of wage and salary income growth would be depressants to increased consumer spending.  Despite repeated evidence that the level of long term unemployment is not improving, consumers are apparently satisfied with their financial conditions to allow an increase in discretionary spending.  Combined with a continued surge in factory orders from businesses and rising exports, we expect first quarter GDP to be a solid 3% based on a strong March performance and the second quarter could be even stronger with growth in the 4%-6% range based on:

1. A strong rebound in housing to take advantage of the extended home buyer tax credit set to expire in June. We  would not be surprised to see that credit extended again to compensate for the lost time in January and February due to harsh winter weather.

2. An increase in auto sales as replacement demand increases due to the extended age of the automobile fleet and the detrimental impact on cars from this winter’s weather.

3. Continued and broader increases in capital equipment orders from businesses that are seeing increased sales, pent-up demand for capital equipment and rising corporate profits.

4. Increasing exports to fast growing and recovering overseas economies.

5. Increased federal spending from the accelerated release of stimulus funds.

If our projections are correct, strong consumer spending in the second quarter will lead to an inventory replacement cycle in the third quarter and increased industrial production from building backlogs. We do not foresee a double dip recession in the second half of this year.

However, we do expect a slowdown in GDP growth in the second half because the current surge in consumer spending cannot be sustained under current employment and consumer income conditions. We expect the current increase in consumer spending will come from savings and reduced reduction in consumer debt. While that helps spending in the short term it is cause for concern longer term. We have consistently commented in our posted economic presentations that a consistent effort on the part of American consumers to save more and reduce debt results in a healthier, more consistent and more creditworthy consumer that can sustain an increasing level of economic growth. Thus, while the industrial sector and exports can keep economic growth going through this year, reduced federal subsidy programs and lower levels of consumer spending make the economic outlook for 2011 more difficult to predict. Furthermore, commodity and energy prices are already on the rise which will increase inflation going forward and we expect the Fed will have to raise interest rates by this summer. The confluence of rising prices and interest rates will put additional pressure on consumer incomes and spending.

So while the economy is improving, sustained recovery still needs permanent job creation and the absorption of the large pool of long term unemployed.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

January Unemployment: Are we there yet?

Morris Segall      business landscape, consumers, economic improvement, economics, economy, GDP, government, January Unemployment, Labor Department, politics, U.S. Census

Today’s unemployment report for the month of January was revealing for what it did not tell us. That is, are we about to turn the corner on unemployment ?  The report showed a modest 20,000 loss in jobs in the month of January,  a virtual flat performance with the month of December, 2009. Of more note was a .3% drop in the stated unemployment rate from 10% to 9.7%, the lowest rate since last summer. However, as we commented in our blog article, “November Unemployment: Is this the Peak?“, December 4, 2009, the Labor Department made annual revisions to its monthly employment reports. As expected, the revisions show more job losses in 2009 than previously reported. According to the revised calculations, the economy lost over 600,000 more jobs in calendar 2009 than previously reported including a large downward revision of 65,000 lost jobs in the month of December, 2009 to a revised total of 150,000 lost jobs in that month. So a flat January job loss result with December is not a job improvement. We therefore are skeptical of the drop in the unemployment rate. In addition, the average workweek in January remains depressed at 33.9 hours and the civilian labor force participation rate in January continued to reflect historical lows below 65%. There are other important items in the January employment report. Goods producing industries, largely in construction, lost another 60,000 jobs bringing the total for the last three months to almost 150,000. Financial activities and transportation and warehousing sectors lost another 35,000 jobs in January on top of the almost 29,000 jobs lost in December. These are generally high wage jobs.  Finally, long term unemployed, those out of work 27 weeks and longer, continue to rise to a record 6.3 million in January. This is the chronic problem in the unemployment picture. While new job losses continue to diminish, continuing job losses continue to rise.  The increasing universe of long term unemployed will continue to suppress consumer spending and therefore an acceleration in the economic recovery.

The January unemployment report did contain some positives. The number of temporary help workers increased by another 50,000 in January and since September by nearly 250,000. While this number is being augmented by hiring for the U.S. Census this year, the recent five month trend augurs well for ultimate permanent job creation later this year. For the first time since the recession began, manufacturing added jobs in January, albeit a small number (11,000), but it is significant and supports the economic improvement in the factory sector which we noted in our recent “Economic and Capital Market Update“, February 1, 2010 on our website. We expect further improvement in manufacturing employment reflecting the upside momentum in factory orders, particularly in the technology sector.

All in all, the January monthly unemployment report while encouraging is still not conclusive evidence of a transition to meaningful job creation in the current economic recovery.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Ben Bernanke, the Stock Market and the Economy

Morris Segall      Ben Bernanke, economy, employment report, GDP, government, stock market, trends, unemployment

After playing politics with Ben Bernanke’s nomination in the wake of last Tuesday’s election loss in Massachusetts, the Democrats with help from the stock market on Friday, thought better of their populist pandering on Monday and began to rally around the beleaguered Fed Chairman. Criticism began late Friday with the stock market selloff and built up over the weekend. In our blog article of December 8, 2009, “Ben Bernanke: Hero or Goat“, we warned of the market ramifications of politicizing the Fed and its Chairman’s reappointment process. Congress got the message over the weekend and will now probably vote to reappoint Ben Bernanke.

Friday’s stock market sell off culminated a week that saw the market decline over 500 points and erased the gains accrued in the first two weeks of the year. After rising virtually non stop since its lows in early March of last year, the stock market entered 2010 strectched and overdue for a correction. Last week’s market decline could be the beginning of such a correction. Despite good news on corporate earnings and sound fiscal action on the part of the Chinese government to curb speculation in their economy, stocks sold off reversing their pattern of seeing the “glass half full” on virtually all economic and corporate news. It remains to be seen if this new pattern of stock price decline will revert to the short lived selloffs of last year or develop into a long overdue correction. Such a correction would be good for the stock and commodity markets longer term. The latter have been particularly ebullient over the last year with outsized gains that are ripe for profit taking.

In a couple of days we will get our first look at the fourth quarter GDP. Consensus estimates are for growth of 4%-5%. In our blog article, “Third Quarter GDP Revised Down“, November 25, 2009, we stated “strong contributions in consumer spending and business fixed investment would be needed from downwardly revised third  quarter GDP levels”.  After watching numbers “see saw” in housing, unemployment and retail sales in the fourth quarter, we believe fourth quarter GDP will be within consensus estimates led by large gains in business fixed investment, notably machinery and equipment, and government spending with a solid contribution from personal consumption and a positive contribution from net exports. Since the third quarter of last year the manufacturing sector is the strongest part of the economy with factory orders and shipments maintaining their recovery from depressed recession levels. However, the strength in fourth quarter economic data is not expected to be sustained in the first quarter of this year. Post holiday retail and housing sales are expected to dip leaving economic growth to the government and industrial sectors. Economic growth is still dependent on government stimulus in the face of continued high levels of unemployment and the improvement in unemployment is still the key to sustained economic recovery. At this time we do not expect a “double dip” recession when government stimulus ends in the second half of this year but the visibility of economic growth is clouded by the stimulus programs which have distorted the normal trends of economic recovery and have resulted in a “sawtooth” pattern of economic data since the recession ended in the third quarter of last year. We expect that to continue until the private sector can sustain this recovery on its own.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Today’s Economic Landscape and What’s on the Other Side

Morris Segall      2009 economy, Add new tag, business landscape, Capital Markets, consumers, crisis, debt, economic, economics, employment report, future trends, GDP, government, recession, unemployment

We recently updated our presentation on today’s economic landscape and what’s on the other side with some fresh data.  We hope you continue to find value in our slides:

November Unemployment: Is this the Peak?

Morris Segall      consumers, debt, economic, economics, economy, employment report, GDP, government, recession, trends, unemployment

Today’s unemployment data for November was a surprising loss of only 11,000 jobs, well below economists’ expectations of 100,000-150,000 jobs lost in the month. In addition, the unemployment rate for November declined unexpectedly to 10% from October’s 10.2%. Consensus expectations were for the unemployment rate in November to be flat at best with October’s cycle high. The Labor Dept. also revised downward previously reported job losses in September and October. Monthly job losses have been revised downward for each month since August by a total of over 200,000 jobs. Since August, monthly job losses have averaged below 200,000 versus over 300,000 average monthly losses in the May-July period. The decline in monthly job losses parallels the strong improvement in first time unemployment claims reported weekly. Since mid September, first time unemployment claims have fallen approximately 100,000 and are now running at approximately 450,000 for the last two weeks in November.

In isolating the areas of reduced job losses we note that healthcare continues to be the area of the economy that has consistently added workers during the recession. Since September, healthcare has added an additional 100,000 workers and nearly 900,000 workers since the recession began in December of 2007. Other areas of job improvement since September are: the federal government and state government education accounting for an increase in approximately 50,000 jobs; and professional and business services adding over 100,000 jobs largely in temporary help services.  Importantly, for the first time this year, the average workweek increased to 33.2 hours from a cycle low of 33.0 hours in October.  The average workweek improved more in the manufacturing sector expanding to 40.4 hours from 40.0 hours in September. This reflects the recurring order and shipment strength in the manufacturing sector since last summer.

Conversely, most other areas of the economy continued to record job losses including manufacturing, finance, construction, retail and wholesale trade and information services. While the Labor Dept. reports almost 41% of reporting industries are now hiring, a cycle high, that leaves nearly 60% that are not. The surge in temporary help jobs indicates businesses are wary of the economic recovery and are reticent to add to payrolls. Furthermore, the labor force has declined by over 100,000 workers since September indicating an increase in discouraged workers despite the improvement in the economy. The decline in the civilian labor force would also partly explain the decline in the unemployment rate in November. Another benchmark of employment in the weekly and monthly reports indicate no improvement in the numbers of long term unemployed and under-employed workers. In fact, the numbers of long term unemployed increased to over 9 million or 38% of total unemployed at the end of November, a record level.  In addition, while first time unemployment claims have declined sharply, they are still recording well above 400,000 claims per week. Finally, the response from consumers in recent surveys indicate jobs are hard to get by an overwhelming margin despite the economic improvement in the third and fourth quarters. These measures do not support the monthly improvement in employment reported by the Labor Dept. since August and we have repeatedly said so in our blog articles on the monthly employment reports going back to last July.

Nonetheless, if the monthly employment report from the Labor Dept. is indeed true and not distorted by seasonal adjustments and faulty assumptions that are part of this survey’s results, then  it would appear that unemployment in this cycle is peaking and job creation is virtually around the corner early next year. This would be well ahead of consensus expectations, including our own, in projecting a peak in unemployment and the transition to job creation in the middle and latter part of 2010, respectively. It is important to note that the Labor Dept. will be making final revisions to its 2009 monthly employment data in March of 2010. In its initial revision to 2009 monthly employment data in August, the Labor Dept. revealed that unemployment this year was actually almost 900,000 workers higher than originally reported. Similar revisions were made to monthly data in 2007 and 2008. With that as a background and the contradictory results of other unemployment data and surveys, we are skeptical the employment cycle is turning this strongly and this fast.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Third Quarter GDP Revised Down

Morris Segall      2009 economy, consumers, economics, future trends, GDP, global, government, recession, stimulas, unemployment

Yesterday’s second reading on the third quarter GDP showed a downward revision from the robust 3.5% preliminarily reported at the end of October. As November wore on expectations of the second and more definitive read on the third quarter was for a downward revision to the 3% level but no one was alarmed. It was considered more or less statistical.

After taking a look at the revisions from the preliminary report we are concerned for the following reasons:

1. Personal consumption was revised down from 3.4% growth to 2.9% with spending on goods dropping from 8.1% growth to 7.2%.
2. Business capital spending dropped from 11.5% growth  in  the preliminary report to 8.4% in the revision with large downward revisions in the growth of inventories and business structures.
3. Federal government spending growth was revised upward from  2.3%  to  3.1%.
4. Growth in final sales of domestic product was revised downward from 2.5% to 1.9%.

This revised mix of weakness in business and consumer spending with all of the federal government stimulus in the quarter is alarming and casts further doubt on the underlying strength in the economy as federal stimululs abates going into next year. Our assumption of 1%-3% GDP growth in the fourth quarter will need strong contributions in both consumer and business fixed investment from the revised third quarter levels. We detect an improved level of retail sales in the quarter but  will need to see sales results of “Black Friday” to see if that is true. A disappointment in this weekend’s sales will cause a shift in outlook for both the economy and particularly the capital markets which have been seeing the glass “half full” in November despite the warning signs in consumer sentiment, new home sales and continued high levels of unemployment. It is noteworthy that the market gains in November have been accompanied by low levels of trading volume, an ominous sign for sustained capital market gains.

In our previous website and blog articles on the preliminary third quarter GDP, we remained skeptical of the durability of the third quarter gains and said we would be watching fourth quarter economic data closely for future direction. With the downward revision in third quarter numbers, we will be even more vigilant to see if this economic recovery has “legs”.
Best wishes for a Happy Thanksgiving holiday and stay tuned.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC

Today’s Economic Landscape and What’s on the Other Side

Morris Segall      2009 economy, Capital Markets, economics, GDP, global, government, international, treasury, trends, unemployment

We recently updated our presentation on today’s economic landscape and what’s on the other side with some fresh data.  We hope you continue to find value in our slides:

The Government Stimulates the Third Quarter but Doubts Remain

Morris Segall      2009 economy, Capital Markets, commodity markets, consumers, debt, depression, economics, GDP, unemployment

GDP for the third quarter comes in strong stimulated by the government but the details and other consumer economic data create doubts on sustainability and make the capital markets nervous. Continue reading this premium article at spgtrend.com.

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Economic and Capital Market Update

The September Employment Report: More Unsettling News

The Economy, Capital Markets, Healthcare and Geopolitical Events

Turning the Corner: GDP, Housing and Cash for Clunkers

Morris Segall      2009 economy, Cash for Clunkers, consumers, economics, GDP, government, housing

Friday’s news of the “less worse” second quarter GDP was received as another piece of good news by the stock market as further evidence of the end of the recession. It capped a week of improving economic news on housing. But the real economic sweetener that offers a tangible boost to the economy in the near term was the announcement on Friday that the government’s “Cash for Clunkers” program was extended by the House of Representatives and augmented by a further $2 Billion in government funds.

Of all of the various government schemes and bailout programs to stimulate the economy over the past two years, the government finally got it right with this one. We have stated repeatedly, the economy was not going to recover until the consumer started moving “goods off the shelves”. Well goods are moving off the shelves or rather cars are flying off of car dealers lots. OK  the U.S. government is buying the cars but the end result is dealers are emptying their inventories and will soon reorder from the factories as long as the government program is in force. The Senate needs to also approve the program’s extension or it will expire by the end of this week. We are optimistic the Senate will vote to continue the program before they adjourn this Friday. This will in turn start the manufacturing replacement cycle. The “Cash for Clunkers” program is expected to increase retail sales beginning in July, increase industrial production by the fourth quarter and even help factory employment due to the higher production rates. Higher auto production will have a widespread positive impact on manufacturing and distribution sectors. It is our belief this program will insure a positive growth in U.S. GDP in both the third and fourth quarters of this year. Now let’s be clear. This is artificial consumption and will deflate when this program expires which we assume will be at year end. We don’t think Congress will ante any more money for this when the current funding is used up. By that time, the rest of the economy may be starting to fill in the void .

To that end, we are seeing for the first time a trend of positive news on housing that would support our long standing forecast of a bottoming in the housing cycle in the second half of this year and obviously remove a major depressant to the economy. This past week both new and existing home sales rose for the third month in a row. And for the first time since the housing market imploded, home prices showed a monthly increase according to the widely followed Case-Shiller Home Price Index. In addition, inventories of existing and new homes are now getting down to normalized levels. Here again, the recovery process is not widespread and is largely centered in homes in the $150,000-$300,000 price range as home buyers take advantage of bargain prices, ample supply and willing sellers in the deflated housing market.

Lastly, the second quarter GDP was reported with a contraction of 1%. While this was better than consensus economic forecasts including our own, it is the first of three readings on the quarter and the one subject to the most revision as more data is processed over the next month. The second reading on the quarter will be reported at the end of August and will be more definitive. While the report was mixed with continuing depressants in consumer spending and business fixed investment, the quarter saw the beginnings of increased government spending which helped offset the weakness in consumption and business investment. Nonetheless, the quarter fulfilled our forecast of a decidedly “less worse” performance than the severe contraction of the first quarter. Importantly, the huge decline in business fixed investment appears to have bottomed in the second quarter and will not be the huge depressant on the economy going forward.

So for the following reasons we now believe the third and fourth quarters of this year will show positive growth though we are not forecasting an economy embarking on a full recovery. Unemployment is still too high and there is a great deal of unutilized production capacity that will keep private sector spending suppressed. However, the bulk of the government stimulus spending will hit the economy in the next four quarters providing a strong plus for GDP growth and exports are picking up from rising economic growth in Asia led by China. These pluses along with reduced minuses from consumption and business fixed investment should equate to positive GDP growth in the second half. The question is can the private sector recover on its own without the huge and finite pull of the federal government. The answer remains the level of unemployment and consumer incomes.

As the macro economic environment improves, the outlook for corporate profit growth also improves providing further stimulus to rising stock markets here and abroad. The likelihood of a sizable correction in the equity markets is diminishing the further we go through this year and into next. We have long been bullish on equities over the 2010-2012 period and increased equity allocations in our capital markets strategy this past spring once a bottom in the recession was perceptible. We have hit that bottom and reaffirm our longer term capital markets strategy of getting fully invested in U.S. and overseas equities with a strong allocation to commodities, including gold.

Morris R. Segall, CFA, CIC